Safety stop apparatus for railways.



I. CZAVRA. SAFETY STOP APPARATUS FOR RAILWAYS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 15, I914.

Patented Apr. 13, 1915.

2 SHEETS-$3331 1..

1:45 NORRIS PETERS 50.. PHOT0-LITHO., WASHINGTON, uv r l. CZAVRA.

SAFETY STOP APPARATUS FOR RAILWAYS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.15, 1914.

2 SHBETS-SHBET 2.

IGNATI CZAVBA, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW' YORK.

SAFETY STOP APPARATUS FOR BAILWAYS.

1,135JWZU,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr, 13, 1%15.

Application filed September 15, 191%. Serial No. 861,760.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, lcNA'rI CzAvnA, a subject of the Czar of Russia, and residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Safety Stop Apparatus for Railways, of which the following is a specification, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to safety apparatus for use in connection with railways, and the object thereof is to provide an improved apparatus of this class whereby collisions of any kind may be avoided, and the invention consists of an improved automatic stop apparatus constructed and operating as hereinafter described, whereby two trains moving in the same direction or in opposite direction on a track, cannot approach each other nearer than acertain predetermined point under any circumstances.

The invention is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view indicating a portion of a railway track and two trains or locomotives mounted thereon both of which are indicated as moving in the same direction; Fig. 2 a sectional detail of the construction shown in Fig. 1 and on an enlarged scale; Fig. 3 a view looking in the direction of the arrow 3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 1 a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing only part thereof and on an enlarged scale; and, Fig. 5 a diagrammatic view of certain details of the operative mechanism which I employ.

In the drawing forming part of this specification, T have indicated at a a part or section of a railway track comprising the ordinary parallel. side rails a and, in the practice of my invention, 1 provide a third rail 7; which is placed centrally of the track and parallel. with the rails o The third rail 1) is shown in transverse section in Fig. 3, and is substantially of the same form as the rails a and on the top or bearing surface thereof is placed an insulating plate b having a central raised rib b on the opposite sides of which are placed. contact strips b and at regular and predetermined intervals the contact strips 6 are separated by insulating blocks Z2 formed integrally with the insulating plate 5 and at these points the contact strips 6 are connected by diagonally arranged conductors or wires 6 which cross each other as shown in Figs. 1 and 1.

The operative parts of my improved apparatus not connected with the third rail 1) are connected with the locomotive or engine of a train or trains, or with a motor car of any kind or class, and at c in Fig. 1, T have indicated two engines or motors, one of which is also shown in Fig. 1, and each of these engines or motors is provided with a dynamo (Z, an electric motor 6 and two voltmeters f and f each of the motors c are also provided with two contact rollers g which operate on, or in connection with the contact strips 6 of the third rail 5. and the contact rollers g are also provided with two peripheral contact strips (7 separated by central peripheral insulating strip 9 this construction being similar to that of the insulating members 11 and 6 The rollers g are connected with, and suspended from a suitable framework or construction h in which are mounted two vertically arranged tubular shafts z, the lower ends of which are provided with forked heads 2' which are pivoted thereto at i and adapted to swing forwardly and backwardly, or longitudinally of and over the third rail, and the heads 2' are provided with contact brushes 2'" and i which are arrangedin pairs. and which bear on the contact strips g of the rollers g. The arms 2' of the yoke-shaped heads '2 are connected at their lower ends by link members i, and the lower ends of the shafts 2' are provided with springs i which bear on the front and back sides of the head members i where they are pivoted to the shafts 2' and operate at all. times to hold the rollers g in contact with the third rail or the contact strips b thereof.

The framework or construction it from which the rollers g are suspended consists, in the construction shown, of two parallel members 7L and a central vertical member k connected with the truck frame of the engine or motor in any desired way, or forming part thereof, and the parts 7L2 range forwardly and backwardly of the engine or motor, or the framework. thereof, and are meter 7.

ent of the levers r and s shown in said figure,

provided with front and back it arranged in pairs, and below which are keepers b through which the tubular shafts 2' are vertically movable, and the head portions it are provided with contact brushes 7& also arranged in pairs, and which operate in connection with contact strips 72, on the opposite sides of the upper end portions of the shafts 2', and circuit wires k are connected with the strips k and passed downwardly through the shafts 2' and out through the lower end portions thereof, as shown at it, and are connected with the brushes t'and 2' A wire 7' connects one of the brushes in of one pair of said brushes with the motor e and a wire connects the other brush of said pair with the'dynamo d. A wire m connects one of the other pair of brushes h with the voltmeter f and a wire a connects the other brush of said pair with the volt- The dynamo a? and voltmeter f are connected by a wire 0, and the motor 0 and voltmeter f are connected by a wire 0 and the wire 0 is connected with one end of the axle p of the engine or motor by a ground wire 0 and the wire 0 is connected with the other end of the axle p by a ground wire 0 In Fig. 5 I have shown the motor e, the air brake pipe 1" and the throttle valve 8 operated by the usual lever 8 and the air brake pipe 7' is provided with a valve r operated by a lever 7 The valve 7 is provided with a segmental gear r and the throttle valves with a segmental gear 8 and the said gears operate said valves independ- The shaft 6 of the motor e is provided with a gear 6 which meshes directly with the gear 1*, and a supplemental gear e meshes with the gear 6 and with the segmental gear 5 The operation will be readily understood from the foregoing description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing and the following statement thereof. In F ig; 1 of the drawing I have shown two locomotives, each equipped with my complete system involving a dynamo, a motor, two voltmeters and two rollers all in electrical connection and, in the ractice' of my invention, the dynamo (Z is driven by the locomotive in any desired manner. In said figure, I have indicated by the characters P, the side of the series of contact strips 6* carrying a positive current alternately ar ranged on opposite sides of the rail 7), and when the locomotives are in the position they both would be stopped due to the fact that the dynamo in the locomotive cat the left is on the positive current strip designated by the character P which would result in the starting of the motor in the locomotive 0 at the right, and the dynamo in the locomotive 0 at the head portions right would, in this position, start the motor in the locomotive at the left due to the current in the contact strips opposite those designated by the character P. In other words, when two locomotives come within a common circuit they are both stopped and the distance between said locomotives can only be governel by switch stations along the line, or it might be said that my improved safety stop mechanism may be arranged in blocks and that two locomotives in a single block would be stopped when they are in a common circuit, and the distance between two signals or two stations may be known as a block. The above operation of starting the motors in both of the locomotives 0 will apply the air brakes of the trains and operate the throttle valves thereby stopping both trains or locomotives, as will be readily understood.

While I have shown and described my improved safety stop mechanism as designed to stop a train or trains, when they come within acommon circuit, it will be understood that this is the basic idea of my system only, and it will be understood that any skilled electrician, or mechanic can make the required connections with signal arms, crossings, switches and other connection in the usual railway construction to stop a train should it attempt to pass such place, and while all of these points have been considered, it is not thought necessary to show such details, and it will also be understood that various changes in and modifications of the construction herein shown and described may be made, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Leters Patent, is

1. In a safety stop apparatus for railways, a third rail provided with parallel and insulated contact strips divided at intervals into separate parts, the separate parts of one strip being connected by transverse wires with the separate parts of the other strip, motors and generators mounted on separate locomotives or cars, and contact devices cooperating with said contact strips and in electrical connection with the motors and generators on the separate locomotives or cars whereby the generator on one locomotive or car will start the motor on the other locomotive or car when said locomotives or cars are in a common circuit.

2. In a safety stop apparatus for railways, a third rail provided with parallel and insulated contact strips divided at intervals into separate parts, theseparate parts of one strip being connected by transverse wires with the separate parts of the other strip, motors and generators mounted on separate cars, and contact devices colocomotives or operating with said contact strips and in electrical connection with the motors and generators on the separate locomotives or cars whereby the generator on one locomotive or car will start the motor on the other locomotive or car when said locomotives or cars are in a common circuit, and means whereby the operation of the motors in said locomotives or cars will operate the brake apparatus and stop said locomotives or cars.

3. In a safety stop apparatus for railways, a third rail provided with parallel and insulated contact strips divided at intervals into separate parts, the separate parts of one strip being connected by transverse wires with the separate parts of the other strip, motors and generators mounted on the separate locomotives or cars, contact devices cooperating with said contact strips and in electrical connection with the motors andgenerators on the separate locomotives or cars, means for insuring a positive contact between said contact devices and said motors and generators, means whereby the generator in one locomotive or car will start the motor in the other locomotive or car when said locomotives or cars are in a common circuit, and means whereby the operation of the motor in each of said locomotives or Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the cars will operate the brake apparatus and stop said locomotives or cars.

4. In a safety stop apparatus for railways, a third rail provided with parallel and insulated contact strips divided at intervals into separate parts, the separate parts of one strip being connected by transverse wires with the separate parts of the other strip, motors and generators mounted on separate locomotives or cars and contact devices cooperating with said contact strips and in electrical connection with the motors and generators on the separate locomotives or cars, said motors and generators being in electrical connection with voltmeters having ground wires, and means whereby the generator in one locomotive or car will start the motor in another locomotive or car, when said locomotives or cars are in a common circuit.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention 1 have signed my name in presence of the subscribing witnesses this 14th day of Sept. 1914:.

IGNATI CZAVRA.

Witnesses:

C. MULREANY, H. E. THOMPSON.

Commissioner of Batents,

Washington, D. G. 

